Rosario Orrego Castañeda (1834 – 21 May 1879), also known as Rosario Orrego de Uribe, Rosario Orrego de Chacón, and by her pseudonym Una Madre, was a Chilean novelist, poet, editor, and educator. She is considered Chile’s first woman novelist, a pioneer in the poetic field in that country, and one of the forerunners of women’s literature in Hispanic America.

She began her literary career as an editor at La Semana and founded the magazine Valparaíso in 1873, to which three of her children also contributed. For her work, she is considered an important early figure in the development of journalism in Chile.

She was also the first woman to join a literary academy: the Academia de las Bellas Letras in Santiago, formed in the mid-19th century by the Chilean intellectual elite.